Lymphoedema (swelling) occurs when lymph flow is impaired.
Most often limbs are affected, but lymph oedema can also occur in the face, neck, abdomen or genitals.
Either damage, obstruction or absence of vessels can lead to dysfunction of the lymphatic system.
Tissues with lymphoedema are at risk of infection and susceptible to progression. Lymphoedema is a treatable and manageable condition.
There are 2 main types of lymphoedema:
1. Developmental (inherited) disturbance of the lymphatic system (primary lymphoedema)
2. Acquired damage of lymphatic vessels and/or lymph nodes (secondary lymphoedema)
Treatment involves decongestive therapy:
Manual Lymph Drainage – Patients receive Manual Lymph Drainage (MLD) to remove excess fluid and protein from the tissues.
Exercise – Decongestive exercises are most effective if performed while the patient wears compression garments or bandages, which are also essential components in lymphedema management.
Skin Care and Hygiene – Good skin care plays an essential part in the treatment of lymphoedema. Daily skin cleansing with antibacterial washes and neutral balanced pH lotions will help to eliminate possible bacterial and fungal growth and so minimise the possibility of repeated attacks of cellulitis or lymphangitis.
Breathing – The lymph transport in the Thoracic Duct (Ductus Thoracicus) is mainly caused by the action of breathing. Taking into consideration that this duct transports 4 litres of lymph per day explains the importance of diaphragmatic breathing to help increase transport of lymphatic fluid.
